SUNY Geneseo Department of Mathematics

Curvature in Mathematica

Wednesday, February 26

Math 223 01
Spring 2020
Prof. Doug Baldwin

Return to Course Outline

Previous Lecture

Misc

Hour exam 1 is tomorrow (Feb. 27).

Covers material since the beginning of the semester (e.g., 3D coordinates, lines/planes/surfaces, vectors, vector-valued functions, their derivatives and integrals, etc.)

4 short-answer questions (one with 2 parts), similar to mid-difficulty questions from problem sets.

You’ll have the whole class period.

Open book, notes, calculator, computer as a reference or calculator. But closed person.

Questions?

Curvature

Unit Normal

What direction does the principal unit normal, N, point in?

A curve and its tangent; unit normal points in direction curve turns

Because the unit normal points in the same direction as the derivative of (i.e., rate of change of) the unit tangent vector, it must point in the direction the curve is turning.

Mathematica

Curvature problems are long and complicated enough that using a tool such a Mathematica to do some of the work for you and keep track of it is helpful.

The “Waterslide of Doom” is a proposed slide that follows the curve r(t) = 〈 cos(4t), sin(4t), 10 - t2 〉. How sharply will it curve?

See this notebook for the calculations, along with commentary.

Things didn’t go as smoothly in class as they do in the notebook linked above. It turns out that the solution to the problems in class was to use a hand-simplified expression for the magnitude of the derivative of the slide throughout. (In class we used that expression in some places, and Mathematica’s unsimplified one in others.) The moral here is to watch what Mathematica (or similar tools) are doing, and try to help them if they seem to miss something you can do.

Key Point

Defining your own functions ( f[t_] := ....)and variables x= ... or x :=....

Next

(After exam)

Start talking about multivariable functions, i.e., functions that depend on more than 1 input (in contrast to vector-valued functions which in some sense have more than 1 output).

Read section 13.1.

Next Lecture