Topics covered on Exam 3
Chapter 23
- conductors: at surface electric field is perpendicular to surface
- Gauss's Law: surface of a conductor
Chapter 24
- path integral of E to define electrostatic potential difference ΔV (applied this to field from point charge).
Two ways to make a path integral
managable:
- Make path go along, then perpendicular to field.
- When field components are given as functions: integrate a path that moves parallel to the axes, one at a time.
- equipotential lines/surfaces
- perpendicular to electric field lines
- density corresponds to field strength
- equation for V of point charge, using the standard choice of V=0 at infinite distance away
- potential V due to several charges: superposition
- finding V=0 places near oppositely charged points
- V constant (but not zero!) inside spherical shell
- V constant inside conductors (conductors are equipotentials)
- Can use this to find the distribution of charge between connected conductors
- moving one charge amongst others. ΔU=qDV. new unit of energy eV
- problems involving energy conservation
- "potential energy of assembly" means U of a configuration of multiple charges; sum over all pairs
- object integrals to obtain V at a point due to one-dimensional extended objects (straight rod, ring)
- Special case: when all of object is same distance from point, can just use point charge formula
- object integrals to obtain V due to two-dimensional extended objects (e.g., disk)
- we CANNOT choose V=0 at infinite distance for objects that are modeled as "infinitely large" (long lines or sheets of charge)
- derivatives to get E field (magnitude or vector components) from potential V(x,y,z)
Chapter 25
- capacitors, defining equation of capacitance
- parallel-plate capacitors: capacitance determined by shape
- capacitors combined in parallel and in series
- charge and potential in capacitor combinations (especially "inside" a network)
- changes when capacitor connections are changed
- changes when capacitor shapes are changed
- permittivity of materials, dielectric constant
- potential energy in charged capacitor
- energy density due to electric field
- Gauss's Law adjustment with dielectric: either consider all charge (including charge induced on dielectric), OR consider only the free charge and multiply the ε0 by the dielectric constants present
Chapter 26
- drift velocity and Current
- restrictions on current flow; current in = current out
- Ohm's Law and Resistance
- current density J
- current as a flux of current density (including integration of non-uniform current density)
- resistivity
- power dissipation by resistors ( P = i V , etc.)